Thunderer, The

John Philip Sousa

John Philip Sousa (arr. Keith Brion and Loras John Schissel)

General Info

Year: 1889 / 1998
Duration: c. 2:50
Difficulty: III (see Ratings for explanation)
Publisher: C.L. Barnhouse
Cost: Score and Parts - $60.00   |   Score Only - $6.00

Instrumentation

Full Score
C Piccolo/Flute
Oboe I-II
Bassoon I-II
E-flat Soprano Clarinet
B-flat Soprano Clarinet I-II-III
E-flat Alto Clarinet
B-flat Bass Clarinet
E-flat Alto Saxophone I-II
B-flat Tenor Saxophone
E-flat Baritone Saxophone
B-flat Cornet I-II-III-IV
Horn in F I-II-III-IV
Trombone I-II-III
Euphonium
Basses
String Bass
Percussion, including:

• Bass Drum
• Cymbals
• Field Drum
• Snare Drum

Errata

• B-flat Clarinet II-III, m.106, beat 2: C should read D (both octaves)
• Horns in F I-II, m.92, beat 2: F sharp should read G sharp
  

Program Notes

The Thunderer was Mrs. John Phillip Sousa’s favorite march. Their daughter Helen revealed this, who had surmised that The Thunderer might have been her father’s salute to the London Times, which was known as the “thunderer.” It was since then determined that Sousa probably had no association with the newspaper at that time, however. The “thunderer” might have been one of the ones in charge of making arrangements for the 1889 conclave — in particular Myron M. Parker, who worked tirelessly to make the event the spectacular success that it was.

In the second section of the march, Sousa included an adaptation of earlier trumpet and drum piece, Here’s to Your Health, Sir!

- Program note by Paul E. Bierley

To Columbia Commandery No. 2, Knights Templar, Washington D.C.

- Program Note from score

Media

• Audio: Washington Winds
• Audio: United States Marine Band - 1896
• Audio CD: Braddock Secondary School Symphonic Band (Nelson Penserga, conductor) - 2004
• Audio CD: Washington Winds (Keith Brion, conductor)
• Audio CD: VanderCook Symphonic Band (George Quinlan, Sr., conductor)

State Ratings

None discovered thus far.

Performances

To submit a performance please join The Wind Repertory Project

• Central Washington University (Ellensburg) Wind Ensemble (Giovanni Clarke, conductor) - 9 February 2023
• Cleveland (Ohio) Youth Wind Symphony Group II (Mark Awad, conductor) – 1 May 2022
• Krimmel Intermediate School (Spring, Tx.) Symphonic Band (Stetson Begin, conductor) – 10 February 2022 (2022 TMEA Conference, San Antonio)
• James Clemens High School (Madison, Ala.) Wind Ensemble (Keith Anderson, conductor) – 1 February 2020
• Syracuse (N.Y.) University Wind Ensemble (Bradley P. Ethington, conductor) – 30 April 2019
• University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma (Chickasha) Concert Band (Kaleb Benda, conductor) - 15 April 2019
• University of North Texas (Denton) Concert Band Nicholas E. Williams, conductor) – 20 February 2019
• CJMEA (New Jersey) Region II Wind Ensemble (T. André Feagin, conductor)- 13 January 2019
• Berea (Ky.) College Wind Ensemble (James A Dreiling, conductor) – 23 October 2018
• Timber Creek High School (Gilmer Cty., Ga.) and West Orange High School (Winter Garden, Fla.) Wind Ensembles (Kenneth Boyd and Rhett Cox, conductors) – 18 February 2016 (CBDNA 2016 Southern Division Conference, Charleston, S.C.)
• Northshore (Chicago) Concert Band (Mallory Thompson, conductor) - 2 November 2014
• University of North Texas (Denton) Symphonic Band (Dennis W. Fisher, conductor) - 23 October 2014
• United States Air Force Band (Lowell Graham, conductor) - 7 March 2014 (ABA 2014 Annual Convention (Montgomery, Alabama))
• McAllen Symphonic Band (David Isadore, conductor) - 12 November 2013
• Los Angeles Pierce Symphonic Winds (Stephen P. Piazza, conductor) - 11 May 2013
• Kingsburg (Calif.) High School Wind Ensemble (Fresno, Calif.) Ensemble (Michael Schofield, conductor) - 15 March 2013 (2013 Sutherland Wind Festival (Fresno, Calif.))
• VanderCook College of Music (Chicago, Ill.) Symphonic Band (George Quinlan, Dr., conductor) – 21 December 2012 (2012 Midwest Clinic)
• Braddock Secondary School (Burke, Va.) Symphonic Band (Nelson Penserga, conductor) – 16 December 2004 (2004 Midwest Clinic)
• San Luis Obispo (Calif.) Wind Orchestra (William V. Johnson, conductor) - 1 December 2001

Works for Winds by This Composer

Adaptable Music

• Famous March Trios (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bergeron) (2020)
• The Liberty Bell (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bocook) (1893/2011)
• The Thunderer (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bocook) (1889/2010)
• The Thunderer (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Stanton) (1889/2010)

All Wind Works

• Across the Danube (1877/2015)
• America (ed. Schissel) (2013)
• America First (1916)
• America First (arr. Gore) (1916/1989)
• America First (arr. Teague) (1916/1940)
• Among My Souvenirs
• Anchor and Star (1918)
• Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company (1924)
• Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company (arr. Brion) (1924/2020)
• Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company (ed. Schissel) (1924/2019)
• At the Movies (arr. Rogers) (1922)
• The Atlantic City Pageant (1927)
• The Aviators (1931)
• The Aviators (arr. Gore) (1931)
• Ballet of the States. See: March of the States
• The Band Came Back
• The Beau Ideal (1893)
• The Beau Ideal (arr. Bourgeois) (1893/2005)
• The Beau Ideal (arr. Hautvast) (1893/2007)
• The Beau Ideal (arr. Worman)
• The Belle of Chicago (1892)
• The Bell of Chicago (arr. Byrne) (1892)
• Ben Bolt (1888)
• The Black Horse Troop (1924)
• The Black Horse Troop (ed. Booker) (1924/2020)
• The Black Horse Troop (ed. Fennell) (1924/1974)
• Blue Ridge! I'm Coming Back to You (1917)
• Bonnie Annie Laurie (1883)
• Bonnie Annie Laurie (ed. Foster) (1883/2014)
• Boots (1916)
• Boy Scouts of America (arr. Schissel) (1916/2008)
• The Bride Elect (1897)
• Bullets and Bayonets (1919)
• Bullets and Bayonets (arr. Fennell) (1919/1989/2005)
• Capitol March. See: The Federal
• A Century of Progress (1931)
• The Chantyman's March (ed. U.S. Marine Band) (1918/2019)
• The Chariot Race (1890)
• The Charlatan (ed. Brion) (1898/2017)
• The Charlatan: Waltzes (ed. Rogers)
• Christmas and Sousa Forever (arr. Giroux)
• The Circumnavigators Club (1931)
• Circus Galop from "The Irish Dragoon" (ed. Schissel) (1915/2004)
• Columbia's Pride (arr. Corrie) (1914/2018)
• Comrades of the Legion (1920)
• Comrades of the Legion (1920/2019)
• Comrades of the Legion (ed. Byrne) (1920/1996)
• Congress Hall (1882)
• The Corcoran Cadets March (arr. Fennel) (1890)
• The Corcoran Cadets March (1890)
• The Crusader March (1888)
• Cubaland (1925)
• Daughters of Texas (1930)
• Daughters of Texas (arr. Fennell) (1929/1987)
• The Dauntless Battalion (1922/2020)
• The Dauntless Battalion (arr. Glover) (1922/1996)
• The Diplomat March (arr. Byrne) (1904/1997)
• The Diplomat March (1904)
• The Directorate (1894)
• Easter Monday on the White House Lawn (arr. Gore) (1911/1928/)
• Easter Monday on the White House Lawn (arr. Rogers) (1911/1928/2000)
• El Capitan (1896)
• El Capitan (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1896/1999)
• El Capitan (arr. Bullock) (1896/1999)
• El Capitan (ed. Fennell) (1896/1989)
• El Capitan (arr. Hautvast) (1896/2009)
• El Capitan (arr. Hindsley) (1896/197-?)
• El Capitan (tr. Morris) (1896/1974/2000)
• Esprit de Corps (ed. Foster) (1878/2011)
• Fairest of the Fair (1908/1951)
• The Fairest of the Fair (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1908/2000)
• The Fairest of the Fair (ed. Fennell) (1908/1978)
• Famous March Trios (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bergeron) (2020)
• The Federal (1910/1911)
• The Federal (arr. Rhea) (1911/2005)
• Flags of Freedom (1918)
• Flags of Freedom (arr. Gore) (1918)
• The Flashing Eyes of Andalusia (arr. Brion) (1920/2014)
• Foshay Tower Washington Memorial (arr. Dorff) (1929/1977)
• The Free Lance March (1906)
• The Free Lance March (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1906/2019)
• The Free Lance March (arr. Goldman) (1906/1959)
• The Free Lance March (ed. Revelli) (1906/1981)
• From Maine to Oregon (1913)
• From Maine to Oregon (arr. Bourgeois) (1913/2004)
• From Maine to Oregon (arr. Rhea) (1913/1999)
• Fugue on Yankee Doodle (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1996)
• The Gallant Seventh (1922/1950)
• The Gallant Seventh (arr. Bourgeois) (1922/2003)
• The Gallant Seventh (arr. Fennell) (1922/1971)
• The Gallant Seventh (ed. Schissel) (1922/2006)
• George Washington Bicentennial March
• George Washington Bicentennial (1932/1966)
• George Washington Bicentennial March (ed. Fennell) (1932/2006)
• The Gladiator (arr. Story) (1886/2015)
• The Gladiator March (1886)
• The Gladiator March (arr. Balent) (1886/2007)
• The Gladiator March (arr. Byrne and Boyd) (1886/1994)
• The Gladiator March (arr. Brion) (1886/2015)
• The Gladiator March (arr. Schissel) (1886/2016)
• The Gliding Girl (arr. Schissel) (1912/2008
• Globe and Eagle (1879)
• Globe and Eagle (arr. Gore) (1879)
• The Glory of the Yankee Navy (1909)
• The Glory of the Yankee Navy (arr. Schissel) (1909/2004)
• The Glory of the Yankee Navy (arr. Fennell) (1909/1984)
• The Glory of the Yankee Navy (arr. Gore) (1909)
• Golden Jubilee March (1928)
• Golden Jubilee March (arr. Fennell) (1928/1971/2005)
• The Golden Star (1919/2019)
• Good-Bye (ed. Tam) (1892/2016)
• The Gridiron Club (1926)
• The Gridiron Club (arr. Gore) (1926/2004)
• Guide Right (1881)
• Hail to the Spirit of Liberty (1900)
• Hail to the Spirit of Liberty (arr. Schissel) (1900/2010)
• Hail to the Spirit of Liberty (ed. Hunsberger) (1900/1983)
• Hands Across the Sea (1899/1927)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Balent) (1899/2012)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Bihler) (1899/)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1899/1997)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Brubaker) (1899/2007)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Contorno) (1899/)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Fennell) (1899/1982)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Goldhammer) (1899/1996)
• Hands Across the Sea (arr. Rundel) (1899/2005)
• Harmonica Wizard (1930)
• Her Ladyship, the Countess
• Here's to Your Health, Sir! (1886)
• The High School Cadets (1890)
• The High School Cadets (arr. Foster) (1890/2005)
• The High School Cadets (ed. Byrne) (1890/1998)
• The High School Cadets (arr. Story) (1890/2014)
• Hip Hip Hooray. See: March of the States
• Homeward Bound (1891-1892)
• Homeward Bound (arr. Schissel) (1891?/1992/2014)
• The Honored Dead (1876)
• Humoresque on Swanee by George Gershwin (arr. Brion) (1920/1928/2003)
• Humoresque on the Theme "Look for the Silver Lining" (arr. Dvorak) (1922/1979)
• Imperial Edward March (ed. Rogers) (1902/)
• Imperial Edward March (arr. Schissel) (1902/2012)
• In Flanders Fields the Poppies Grow (1918)
• In Memoriam (1881)
• In Parlor and Street (1880)
• The International Congress (1876)
• The Invincible Eagle (arr. Bocook) (1901/2004)
• The Invincible Eagle (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1901/1995)
• The Invincible Eagle March (arr. Helmecke) (1901/1951)
• The Invincible Eagle March (1901)
• I've Made My Plans for the Summer (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1907/1997)
• Jack Tar (1903)
• Jack Tar (arr. Hunsberger) (1903/1973)
• Jack Tar March (arr. Schissel) (1903/2016)
• Juba Dance (as orchestrator) (1913/1926)
• Kansas Wildcats March (arr. Gore) (1931/2005)
• Keeping Step with the Union (1921/2019)
• Keeping Step with the Union (arr. Brion)(1921/2012)
• King Cotton (1895)
• King Cotton (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1895/2000)
• King Cotton (ed. Fennell) (1895/1983)
• La Flor de Sevilla (1929)
• La Flor de Sevilla (arr. Schissel) (1929/1951)
• La Reine de la Mer Valses (1886)
• The Lambs' March (1914)
• The Lambs' March (arr. Schissel) (1914/2011)
• The Last Days of Pompeii (1893/1912)
• The Last Days of Pompeii (ed. Rogers) (1893/1912/2010)
• The Legionaires (1930)
• The Liberty Bell (1893/1921)
• The Liberty Bell (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bocook) (1893/2011)
• The Liberty Bell (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1893/2001)
• The Liberty Bell (arr. Helmecke) (1893/1951)
• The Liberty Bell (arr. Johnson) (1893/?)
• The Liberty Bell (ed. Revelli) (1893/1982)
• The Liberty Bell (arr. Story) (1893/2002)
• The Liberty Bell (arr. Tamura) (1893)
• Liberty Loan (1917)
• Liberty Loan (arr. Brion) (1917/2015)
• The Library of Congress March (arr. Bulla) (1932/2003)
• The Lion Tamer. See: On Parade
• Look for the Silver Lining (1922)
• Looking Upward Suite (ed. Bourgeois) (1902/1904/1999)
• The Loyal Legion March (1890)
• Magna Charta March (1927/1928)
• The Man Behind the Gun (1899)
• Manhattan Beach March (arr. Balent) (1893/2015)
• Manhattan Beach March (adapt. Brion and Schissel) (1893/1996)
• Manhattan Beach March (ed. Contorno) (1893/1984 )
• Manhattan Beach March (ed. Fennell) (1893/1980)
• Manhattan Beach March (arr. Helmecke) (1893/1951)
• March of the Mitten Men (Power and Glory) (1923)
• March of the Pan Americans (1916)
• March of the Royal Trumpets (1892)
• March of the States (1915)
• A March of the States (arr. Schissel) (1915/2018)
• March of the Sun. See: Prince Charming
• Marching through Georgia
• Marquette University March (1924)
• Mikado March (1885)
• A Mingling of the Wets and the Drys
• The Minnesota March (arr. Bencriscutto) (1927)
• The Minnesota March (arr. Fennell) (1927/1990)
• Mother Goose (1883)
• Mother Hubbard March (1885)
• Mountain and City
• National Fencibles (1888)
• National Fencibles (arr. Schissel) (1888/2013)
• The National Game (1925)
• The National Game (arr. Brion) (1925/2005)
• The Naval Reserve (1917)
• New Mexico March (arr. Fennell) (1928/1970)
• New York Hippodrome (1915)
• New York Hippodrome (ed. Bryne) (1915/2000)
• New York Hippodrome (arr. Knoener) (1915)
• New York Hippodrome (arr. Brion) (1915/2014)
• Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (1923)
• Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (arr. Brion) (1923/2019)
• Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (arr. Bullock) (1923/2001)
• Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (arr. Fennell) (1923/1972)
• The Northern Pines (1931/1998)
• The Occidental (1887/1891/2016)
• Old Ironsides (arr. Lovrien and Gann) (1926/1999/2007)
• Old Ironsides (arr. Patterson) (1926/2020)
• On Parade (1892)
• On the Campus (ed. Schissel) (1920/2005)
• On the Tramp (1879)
• On the Wings of Lightning (arr. Sanford) (1876/1941)
• Our Flirtation (1880)
• Overture to "Vautour" (1886)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (1915)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (ed. Borodach) (1915/2021)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (arr. Brion) (1915/2016)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (arr. Byrne) (1915/1993)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (arr. Dvorak) (1915/1978)
• The Pathfinder of Panama (arr. Schissel) (1915/2018)
• Peaches and Cream (1924)
• People Who Live in Glass Houses (arr. Bourgeois) (1909/2004)
• Pet of the Petticoats (1883)
• The Phoenix March (1875) [lost]
• The Picador (1889)
• Power and Glory. See: March of the Mitten Men (Power and Glory)
• Powhattan's Daughter (ed. Schissel) (1907/2013)
• Powhatan's Daughter (arr. Kaisershot) (1907/1991)
• Prelude a l'apre-midi d'un Faune (as transcriber) (1894)
• President Garfield's Funeral March. See: In Memoriam
• President Garfield's Inauguration March (ed. Carrie) (1881)
• President Garfield's Inauguration March (arr. Gore) (1881)
• Presidential Polonaise (1886)
• Presidential Polonaise (arr. Simpson) (1886)
• The Pride of Pittsburgh (arr. Brion) (1901/2014)
• The Pride of the Wolverines (1926)
• The Pride of the Wolverines (ed. Fennell) (1926/2006)
• Prince Charming (1928)
• Processional (ed. Bourgeois) (1918/2006)
• The Quilting Party (1889)
• Recognition March (ca. 1880)
• Resumption (1879/2015)
• Review (arr. Corrie) (1873 / 2015)
• Revival March (tr. Oliver) (1876)
• Revival March (1876)
• Riders for the Flag
• Riders for the Flag (ed. Fennell) (1927/1968)
• The Rifle Regiment (ed. Fennell) (1886/1985)
• The Rifle Regiment (arr. Hautvast) (1886/2011)
• The Rifle Regiment March (1886)
• Right Forward (1881)
• Right-Left (1883)
• The Rose, Thistle and Shamrock (arr. Brion) (1901/2004)
• The Royal Welch Fusiliers (No. 1) (1929)
• The Royal Welch Fusiliers (No. 2) (1930)
• Sabre and Spurs (1918)
• Sabre and Spurs (arr and adapt. Brion and Schissel) (1918/1999)
• Sabre and Spurs (ed. Fennell) (1918/1951)
• Salutation (1873) [lost - poss. revised as "Recognition March"]
• Salute to Kansas (arr. Corrie and Foster) (c. 1930/1990)
• The Salvation Army March (1930)
• Semper Fidelis (1888)
• Semper Fidelis (arr. Balent) (1888/2009)
• Semper Fidelis (arr. Bourgeois) (1888/1996)
• Semper Fidelis (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1888/1995)
• Semper Fidelis (arr. Hindsley) (1888/1954/197-?)
• Semper Fidelis (arr. Patterson) (1888/)
• Sesqui-Centennial Exposition March (arr. Gore) (1926/2003)
• Sheep and Goat Walking to Pasture
• Sheridan's Ride (1908)
• Showing Off Before Company (1919)
• Sisterhood of the States. See: March of the States
• Smick, Smack, Smuck (1878)
• Solid Men to the Front! (1918)
• Solid Men to the Front! (arr. Byrne) (1918/1994)
• Songs of Grace and Songs of Glory (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1995)
• Sound Off (1885)
• Sound Off (arr. Balent) (1885/2018)
• Sound Off (arr. Bourgeois) (1885/2005)
• Sound Off (arr. Brion) (1885/2014)
• Sousa! (arr. Barker) (1981)
• Sousa March Carnival (arr. Iwai) (2004)
• A Sousa Portrait (arr. Foster) (2004)
• The Sousa Scramble (arr. Murtha) (2000)
• Sousa's Cadets (arr. Loest) (2012)
• A Stag Party (c. 1885)
• The Star-Spangled Banner (as orchestrator; ed. Murtha) (1814/1918/)
• Stars and Stripes for Christmas (arr. Foster) (1896/2003)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (original) (1896/2016)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (ed. Byrne) (1896/1951)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (ed. Bourgeois) (1896/2004)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1896/1996)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (arr. Helmecke) (1896/1951)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (arr. Newland) (1896)
• The Stars and Stripes Forever (ed. Revelli) (1896/1988)
• Tales of a Traveler (arr. Rogers) (1912/1999)
• Tally-Ho! (1886/1894)
• Tannhäuser Overture (as arranger) (1845/)
• Three Quotations (arr. Rogers) (1895/1997)
• The Thunderer (1889)
• The Thunderer (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Bocook) (1889/2010)
• The Thunderer (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1889/1998)
• The Thunderer (ed. Fennell) (1889/1997)
• The Thunderer (arr. Hatch) (1889/2001)
• The Thunderer (ed. Jurrens) (1889/1984)
• The Thunderer (Flex instrumentation) (arr. Stanton) (1889/2010)
• Transit of Venus (1883)
• Transit of Venus (arr. Bourgeois) (1883/2013)
• Transit of Venus (arr. Schissel) (1883/2003)
• The Triton (1879/1892)
• The Triton (arr. Foster) (1879/1892/2009)
• Triumph of Time (1885)
• Turkey in the Straw (as arranger; tr. Guion) (1919/1931)
• Universal Peace (probably 1925 or 1926)
• University of Illinois March (1929)
• University of Nebraska (1928)
• Untitled march (1930)
• USAAC March (1918)
• U.S. Field Artillery March (arr. Brion) (1917/2003)
• U.S. Field Artillery March (arr. Lake) (1917/1918)
• U.S. Field Artillery March (arr. Wagner) (1917/2016)
• The Voice of a Departing Soul (as transcriber)
• The Volunteers (1918)
• The Volunteers (ed. Foster) (1918/2008)
• Washington Post (arr. Hautvast) (1889/2014)
• The Washington Post (1889/1917)
• The Washington Post (arr. Bocook) (1889/2010)
• The Washington Post (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1889/1997)
• The Washington Post (ed. Byrne) (1889/1992)
• The Washington Post (arr. Carnahan) (1889/)
• The Washington Post (arr. Fennell) (1889/1983)
• The Washington Post (arr. Story) (1889/1998)
• We Are Coming March (ed. Schissel) (1918)
• Wedding March (Sousa) (1918)
• When My Dreams Come True (1929)
• When the Boys Come Sailing Home! (1918)
• When the Boys Come Sailing Home! (arr. Brion) (1918/2014)
• The White Plume (1884)
• The White Rose (1917/2019)
• The White Rose (arr. Brion) (1917/2003)
• The White Rose (arr. Gore) (1917/1983)
• The White Rose (arr. Holsinger) (1917/)
• Who's Who in Navy Blue (1920)
• Who's Who in Navy Blue (ed. Byrne) (1920/1995)
• The Wildcats (arr. Gore) (1930 or 1931)
• William Tell Overture (as transcriber)
• Willow Blossoms (arr. Brion and Schissel) (1916/1995)
• Wisconsin Forward Forever March (arr. Glover) (1917/1987)
• Wisconsin Forward Forever March (arr. Schissel) (1917/2017)
• With Pleasure (ed. Foster) (1912/2006)
• With Pleasure (arr. Schissel) (1912/2006)
• The Wolverine March (ed. Foster) (1881/2012)
• Yorktown Centennial (1881)

Resources

• Sousa, J.; Brion, K; Schissel, L. (1998). The Thunderer. [score]. C.L. Barnhouse: Oskaloosa, Iowa.
• The Thunderer, Wikipedia Accessed 24 October 2018